Cybersecurity researchers have uncovered a brand new marketing campaign by which the risk actors have revealed greater than 67 GitHub repositories that declare to supply Python-based hacking instruments, however ship trojanized payloads as a substitute.
The exercise, codenamed Banana Squad by ReversingLabs, is assessed to be a continuation of a rogue Python marketing campaign that was recognized in 2023 as focusing on the Python Bundle Index (PyPI) repository with bogus packages that had been downloaded over 75,000 occasions and got here with information-stealing capabilities on Home windows programs.
The findings construct on a earlier report from the SANS’s Web Storm Middle in November 2024 that detailed a supposed “steam-account-checker” instrument hosted on GitHub, which integrated stealthy options to obtain further Python payloads that may inject malicious code into the Exodus cryptocurrency pockets app and harvest delicate information to an exterior server (“dieserbenni[.]ru”).
Additional evaluation of the repository and the attacker-controlled infrastructure has led to the invention of 67 trojanized GitHub repositories that impersonate benign repositories with the identical identify.
There’s proof to recommend that customers trying to find software program comparable to account cleansing instruments and recreation cheats comparable to Discord account cleaner, Fortnite Exterior Cheat, TikTok username checker, and PayPal bulk account checker are the targets of the marketing campaign. All of the recognized repositories have since been taken down by GitHub.
“Backdoors and trojanized code in publicly out there supply code repositories like GitHub have gotten extra prevalent and symbolize a rising software program provide chain assault vector,” ReversingLabs researcher Robert Simmons stated.
“For builders counting on these open-source platforms, it is important to at all times double verify that the repository you are utilizing truly incorporates what you anticipate.”
GitHub as a Malware Distribution Service
The event comes as GitHub is more and more changing into the main target of a number of campaigns as a malware distribution vector. Earlier this week, Development Micro stated it uncovered 76 malicious GitHub repositories operated by a risk actor it calls Water Curse to ship multi-stage malware.
These payloads are designed to siphon credentials, browser information, and session tokens, in addition to to offer the risk actors with persistent distant entry to the compromised programs.
Then Examine Level shed gentle on one other marketing campaign that is utilizing a felony service often called the Stargazers Ghost Community to focus on Minecraft customers with Java-based malware. The Stargazers Ghost Community refers to a set of GitHub accounts that propagate malware or malicious hyperlinks by way of phishing repositories.
“The community consists of a number of accounts that distribute malicious hyperlinks and malware and carry out different actions comparable to starring, forking, and subscribing to malicious repositories to make them seem reputable,” Examine Level stated.
The cybersecurity firm has additionally assessed that such “GitHub ‘Ghost’ accounts are just one a part of the grand image, with different ‘Ghost’ accounts working on completely different platforms as an integral a part of a fair bigger Distribution-as-a-Service universe.”
Some elements of the Stargazers Ghost Community had been uncovered by Checkmarx in April 2024, calling out the risk actor’s sample of utilizing faux stars and pushing out frequent updates to artificially inflate the recognition of the repositories and ensure they surfaced on high on GitHub search outcomes.
These repositories are ingeniously disguised as reputable tasks, sometimes associated to well-liked video games, cheats, or instruments like cryptocurrency value trackers and multiplier prediction for crash-betting video games.
These campaigns additionally dovetail with one other assault wave that has focused novice cybercriminals looking out for available malware and assault instruments on GitHub with backdoored repositories to contaminate them with data stealers.
In a single occasion highlighted by Sophos this month, the trojanized Sakura-RAT repository has been discovered to include malicious code that compromised those that compiled the malware on their programs with data stealers and different distant entry trojans (RATs).
The recognized repositories act as a conduit for 4 completely different sorts of backdoors which can be embedded inside Visible Studio PreBuild occasions, Python scripts, screensaver recordsdata, and JavaScript to steal information, take screenshots, talk by way of Telegram, in addition to fetch extra payloads, together with AsyncRAT, Remcos RAT, and Lumma Stealer.
In all, the cybersecurity firm stated it detected a minimum of 133 backdoored repositories as a part of the marketing campaign, with 111 containing the PreBuild backdoor, and the others internet hosting Python, screensaver, and JavaScript backdoors.
Sophos additional famous that these actions are seemingly linked to a distribution-as-a-service (DaaS) operation that has been operational since August 2022, and which has used hundreds of GitHub accounts to distribute malware embedded inside trojanized repositories themed round gaming cheats, exploits, and assault instruments.
Whereas the precise distribution technique used within the marketing campaign is unclear, it is believed that the risk actors are additionally counting on Discord servers and YouTube channels to unfold hyperlinks to the trojanized repositories.
“It stays unclear if this marketing campaign is immediately linked to some or all the earlier campaigns reported on, however the strategy does appear to be well-liked and efficient, and is prone to proceed in a single type or one other,” Sophos stated. “Sooner or later, it is attainable that the main target could change, and risk actors could goal different teams moreover inexperienced cybercriminals and avid gamers who use cheats.”
